How do you size a fire damper?
– Type A, E, and F Damper Overall Width = Duct Opening/Nominal Size – 1/4″ – Type B Damper Overall Width = Duct Opening/Nominal Size – 1/4″ – Type C Damper Overall Width = Duct Opening/Nominal Size +2″ – All fire dampers are available in 1/4″ increments.
Where should fire smoke dampers be installed?
Location: Fire dampers are installed in or near the wall or floor, at the point of duct penetration, to retain the integrity and fire rating of a wall or floor whether it is a ducted or open-ple- num return application.
What is the difference between fire damper and smoke damper?
Knowledge of these differences is imperative to the proper application of the dampers and their performance in the life/safety system. A fire damper closes once the duct temperature reaches a high enough level to melt a fusible link. A smoke damper closes upon the detection of smoke.
What are the three types of fire dampers?
There are four types of life safety dampers: fire dampers, smoke dampers, combination fire-smoke dampers, and ceiling radiation dampers. Buildings will require life safety dampers in specific areas, such a fire barriers, to create special zones for fire and smoke containment.
How are dampers sized?
All square and rectangular dampers are measured by height and width, while round dampers are measured by diameter. These measurements are taken from the outer dimensions or the inner dimensions.
Are smoke dampers required in a 1 hour wall?
Q: Are fire dampers required in one-hour fire-rated walls if the facility is fully sprinkled? A: According to NFPA 90A (1999 edition), one-hour fire-rated barriers do not require fire dampers in fully ducted HVAC systems, unless the one-hour fire-rated barrier is a vertical shaft.
Are fire dampers a legal requirement?
Under the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order it is a legal requirement to test fire dampers at regular intervals in accordance with fire safety in the design, management and use of buildings code of practice (BS:9999 2017), using a method known as ‘drop testing’.
Do fire smoke dampers require power?
Smoke dampers close by either an electronic or pneumatic actuator or a spring actuator. They can be reset manually or forced open on a reset signal to the actuator. Pneumatic actuators need air to function properly whilst electrical actuators need power to function successfully.
What is a Type B fire damper?
Type-B Fire Damper: Used when airflow or velocity in the duct is a concern. The stack of blades in the fire damper frame is kept out of the air stream. Compared to an Type-A damper, the total square inches of free area in a Type-B damper is increased and the pressure drop is reduced.
How does smoke damper work?
Fire dampers respond to heat, when the temperature reaches a set point the damper slams shut. Smoke dampers respond to the detection of smoke, and close automatically. They can also be activated remotely. They resist the passage of smoke, toxic gases and air through a fire barrier.
Do you need a fire damper in a 30 minute wall?
Fire-resisting ducts are required to have a minimum fire resistance of 30 minutes (integrity).
How do you install a smoke damper?
Smoke dampers must be installed at or adjacent to the point where the duct passes through the smoke barrier in accordance with NFPA 90A. The maximum installation distance is 24″ (610 mm) from the smoke barrier, however, the preferred location of leakage rated smoke dampers is in the smoke barrier.
Does a fire smoke damper have to be in the wall?
Smoke dampers do not have to be installed in sleeves – they can be installed directly into the duct. However the joints between the damper frame and the duct must be sealed. This is to prevent any air leakage.
Does a fire damper need to be in a wall?
Generally, fire dampers are required where air ducts penetrate walls that are rated for 2-hours or more. They are needed in all air transfer openings (non-ducted) in rated walls, regardless of the rating. And they are required at some, but not all penetrations of rated floor assemblies and shaft enclosures.
What are the types of fire dampers?
There are two types of fire damper closing system: those with a fuse mechanism and those with an actuator, which is motorised, and to which you can connect a smoke detection system. There are also two fire classes for dampers: E-class or EI-class.
Do fire smoke dampers need power?
Motorized actuators are normally used for the operation of smoke dampers. The designer must consider the case where there is loss of normal power to the damper actuator. Either emergency power should be provided or smoke dampers should be arranged for fail-safe closure upon failure of power to the actuator.
How do you size a damper?
A simple formula of Width X Height divided by 144 will give you the square footage of a damper. Example: The damper in question is 45 inches X 23 inches using the formula. 45 X 23 = 1035 divided by 144 = 7.1875 square feet of damper area.
How do you calculate damper torque?
Torque Formula:
- Damper Area (Ft2) =
- Torque Factor ( )
- Required Torque (LbIn) = Damper Area (Ft2) * Torque Factor * Torque Factor ( )
When should fire dampers be installed?
How to open a fire damper?
Poker dampers. Poker dampers operate on a long,curved handle. The handle has grooves in it to hold the damper in place.
How to properly inspect and test fire dampers?
• The operational test of the damper must verify that there is no damper interference due to rusted, bent, misaligned or damaged frame or blades, or defective hinges or other moving parts. • The damper frame must not be penetrated by any foreign objects that would affect fire damper
What is a fire damper and how does it work?
Conduct a visual inspection – With a flashlight in hand,you can look inside the fireplace up towards the chimney to verify if the damper is open or closed.
When would a fire damper be used?
The hour ratings for fire dampers must be 75% of the hour rating for the wall, floor or partition. That is why a fire damper rated for 1.5 hours can be used in a fire barrier rated for up to 2 hours and a fire damper rated for 3 hours can be used in a fire barrier rated up to four hours. STATIC AND DYNAMIC CLOSURE FIRE DAMPERS: