What is circulating immune complex?
Circulating immune complexes (CICs) are a heterogeneous group of immunoreactants formed by the noncovalent union of antigen and antibody. Many factors influence the formation, immunochemistry, biology, and clearance of these soluble reactants.
What are the factors that determine immune complex deposition?
Factors determining the location of deposition and injury pattern include immunoglobulin class and subclass and the ability to activate complement and cellular immunity. Other factors include avidity, charge, size, ratio of antibody to antigen, as well as specificity, rate of production, and clearance.
How do immune complexes cause inflammation?
Immune complexes trigger inflammation by ligation of Fc, C3 or anaphylatoxin (such as C5a) receptors on mast cells and leucocytes, such as neutrophils.
Are immune complexes normal?
Abstract. Formation of immune complexes is a normal part of the immune defence against soluble antigens. Immune complexes may nevertheless play a pathogenic role of their own. The present review discusses antigen antibody interactions with special regard to immune complex formation.
Which of the following is are examples of autoimmune disease?
Autoimmune diseases include systematic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes, Crohn’s disease, and multiple sclerosis.
How do I get rid of immune complexes?
Immune complexes are removed from the circulation by the mononuclear phagocyte system of the liver and spleen through engagement of FcγRs and complement receptors. The interaction of immune complexes with the phagocyte involves a qualitatively different process from that with erythrocytes.
When do immune complexes cause disease?
Immune complexes may themselves cause illness when they are deposited in organs, for example, in certain forms of vasculitis. This is the third form of hypersensitivity in the Gell-Coombs classification, called type III hypersensitivity.
What causes immune complexes?
An immune complex is formed from the integral binding of an antibody to a soluble antigen. The bound antigen acting as a specific epitope, bound to an antibody is referred to as a singular immune complex.