How is transcription and translation different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Prokaryotic transcription occurs in the cytoplasm alongside translation. Prokaryotic transcription and translation can occur simultaneously. This is impossible in eukaryotes, where transcription occurs in a membrane-bound nucleus while translation occurs outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm.
What are the basic differences between translation in prokaryotes and translation in eukaryotes?
The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation is that prokaryotic translation is a simultaneous process with transcription whereas eukaryotic translation is a separate process from its transcription.
How does transcription and translation work in eukaryotes?
The eukaryotic nucleus therefore provides a distinct compartment within the cell, allowing transcription and splicing to proceed prior to the beginning of translation. Thus, in eukaryotes, while transcription occurs in the nucleus, translation occurs in the cytoplasm.
What is the main function of transcription and translation?
The purpose of transcription is to make RNA copies of individual genes that the cell can use in the biochemistry. The purpose of translation is to synthesize proteins, which are used for millions of cellular functions. Translation is the synthesis of a protein from an mRNA template.
What is the difference between transcription and translation?
Translation. Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template where the code in the DNA is converted into a complementary RNA code. Translation is the synthesis of a protein from an mRNA template where the code in the mRNA is converted into an amino acid sequence in a protein.
What are the three important events in the process of transcription?
Transcription occurs in the three steps—initiation, elongation, and termination—all shown here. Transcription takes place in three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.
What are the steps of translation in prokaryotes?
Steps in translation:
- Activation of aminoacids: The activation of aminoacids take place in cytosol. The activation of aminoacids is catalyzed by their aminoacyl tRNA synthetases.
- Initiation:
- Elongation: i.
- Termination: The peptide bond formation and elongation of polypeptide continues until stop codon appear on A-site.
What is the unit of transcription?
Transcription Unit is a stretch of a DNA transcribed into an RNA molecule. Its function is to encode at least one gene. Suppose if gene encodes protein than mRNA is produced by transcription. A protein encoded by the DNA transcription unit may comprise a coding sequence.
What is the main purpose of translation?
What is the purpose of translation? The purpose of translation is for mRNA to be read and translated into a sequence of amino acids. How are DNA and mRNA alike? They both contain genetics.
What are the steps of transcription in prokaryotes?
Initiation: closed complex formation. Open complex fromation. Tertiary complex formation.
What are the differences between transcription and translation?
The key difference between transcription and translation is that transcription refers to the process of producing a mRNA molecule for the DNA of a gene while translation refers to the process of synthesizing an amino acid sequence from the transcribed mRNA molecule. Genes are the units of heredity. Simply they are fragments of DNA.
How is transcription terminated in prokaryotes?
two types of transcription termination mechanisms have been documented in prokaryotic organisms in vitro: ( i) rho-dependent termination (rdt) facilitated by binding of rho protein to a cytidine-rich (c-rich) segment in the nascent rna followed by dissociation of the rna; and ( ii) intrinsic or rho-independent termination (rit) facilitated by …
Is tRNA used during transcription or translation?
tRNA is used as the carrier of the amino acids to the ribosomes during translation. The enzyme Amino acyl tRNA synthetase joins the cognate tRNAs to the appropriate amino acids. The codons on the mRNA specify which tRNA charged with the amino acid would be incorporating it in the growing polypeptide chain.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8_f-8ISZ164