What are the morphological features of nematodes?
Nematodes are typically elongate, tapered at both ends, and bilaterally symmetrical. They vary in size from microscopic to nearly 1 m long. They are pseudocoelomates, like acanthocephalans. However, unlike the acanthocephalans, nematodes are covered with a tough, relatively impermeable cuticle.
What is the main morphological character that helps identifying a plant parasitic nematode?
Important morphological identification characters in nematodes include shape of head, number of annules, body length, length of stylet, shape of stylet knob, structure of lateral fields, presence/absence and shape of spermatheca, shape of female tail terminus, shape and length of spicule and gubernaculum [26].
How do you identify plant parasitic nematodes?
The common plant-parasitic nematode genera are fairly easy to identify to that level using a standard compound microscope. Identification of nematodes to the species level often requires detailed morphological analysis, growth of the nematode on different host plants, or DNA or isozyme analysis.
What is a plant parasitic nematode?
Plant parasitic nematodes are microscopic worms which are generally filiform (at least at one of their stages), ranging from 0.5 mm (e.g. Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus) to 4–5 mm (e.g. Xiphinema). A wide variety of nematodes affect plants and some of them have a significant economic impact on commercial crops.
What are the classifications of nematode?
The two primary classes in phylum Nematoda are Enoplea and Chromadorea. Both classes consist of free-living and parasitic worms that live in a wide variety of habitats. They are distinguished from each other through anatomical features.
What is plant nematodes and describe its morphology?
Nematodes are thread-like roundworms that live in a wide range of environments including soil and fresh and salt water. There are species of nematodes that feed on fungi, bacteria, protozoans, other nematodes, and plants. They can also parasitize insects, humans, and animals.
What typical morphological feature of nematodes differentiates them from platyhelminthes?
What typical morphological feature of nematodes differentiates them from platyhelminthes? Nematodes are also known as roundworms. As the name indicates, they are not flat like platyhelminthes. From an evolutionary point of view, the first complete digestive system, which contains a mouth and anus, appears in nematodes.
What is a parasitic nematode?
Insect parasitic nematodes are small round worms that kill insects but are harmless to other organisms. • Several species of these nematodes are being developed as biological insect controls. • Among the pests effectively controlled are most turf insects and several other insects that live in soil.
Why are parasitic nematodes important?
Free- living nematodes are very important in maintaining the soil bio-dynamic system, especially in soil with low organic matter content, whereas PPNs feed on plants and reduce crop growth and yield efficiency.
What are the characteristics of nematodes?
Following are the important characteristics of Nematoda:
- Their body is bilaterally symmetrical and triploblastic.
- They are cylindrical in shape.
- They exhibit tissue level organization.
- Their body has a cavity or pseudocoelom.
- The alimentary canal is distinct, with the mouth and the anus.
- They are sexually dimorphic.
Which morphological features differentiate the members of the phylum Annelida from nematodes and Platyhelminthes?
1 Answer. Platyhelminthes are worms with flat bodies (flatworms), nematodes are worms with cylindrical but not segmented bodies (roundworms). Annelids are cylindrical worms with segmented bodies (they are metameric).
What are the morphological similarities and differences between nematodes and annelids?
Nematodes have an unsegmented body whereas annelids are metamerically segmented. Nematodes are pseudocoelomate, whereas annelids have a true coelom. Nematodes are dioecious, i.e. sexes are separate. Annelids are mostly hermaphrodites and free-living.
What type of symmetry do nematodes have?
Like the flatworms, nematodes are bilaterally symmetrical. They take their name from their round body cross-sectional shape. Unlike the flatworms in which food and waste enter and exit from the same opening, nematodes have a complete digestive system.
What is the structure of nematode?
Nematodes are round with a body cavity. They have one way guts with a mouth at one end and an anus at the other. They have a pseudocoelom that is lined on one side with mesoderm and on the other side with endoderm.
What is the symmetry of nematodes?
What are the 3 layers of nematodes?
The nematode cuticle is shown to consist, grossly, of three layers; an outer layer-the cortical layer, an intermediate layer-the matrix layer and an inner layer-the basal layer. With these layers is associated a punctation canal component.