What drives Th1 differentiation?
IL-12 signaling drives the differentiation and function of a T H 1-derived T FH1-like cell population.
What stimulates Th1 differentiation?
Th1-cell development begins with the secretion of IL-12 and type 1 IFNs (IFN-α and IFN-β). These cytokines are released by macrophages and DCs upon activation by intracellular pathogens.
How do Th1 and Th2 cells differentiate?
Th1 and Th2 cells play an important role in immunity. Th1 cells stimulate cellular immune response, participate in the inhibition of macrophage activation and stimulate B cells to produce IgM, IgG1. Th2 stimulates humoral immune response, promotes B cell proliferation and induces antibody production (IL-4).
What is the function of Th1?
Th1 cells play important roles in the identification and eradication of intracellular pathogens such as viruses and bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, and Leishmania.
What is Th1 immunity?
TH1 immune response is the immune response generated by the TH1 cells. It occurs through the production of cytokines, including interferon-gamma. Moreover, it is a type of proinflammatory response, which leads to cell-mediated immunity.
How does Th1 get activated?
TH1 cells activate infected macrophages through cell contact and the focal secretion of IFN-γ. This generates a series of biochemical responses that converts the macrophage into a potent antimicrobial effector cell (Fig. 8.41).
What does Th1 stand for?
Th1
| Acronym | Definition |
|---|---|
| Th1 | T Helper Cell Type 1 |
Where are Th1 cells found?
Th1 cells mainly develop following infections by intracellular bacteria and some viruses, whereas Th2 cells predominate in response to infestations by gastrointestinal nematodes.
What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 inflammation?
For most infections, save those caused by large eukaryotic pathogens, type 1 immunity is protective, whereas type 2 responses assist with the resolution of cell-mediated inflammation.
What are autoimmune diseases caused by?
The exact cause of autoimmune disorders is unknown. One theory is that some microorganisms (such as bacteria or viruses) or drugs may trigger changes that confuse the immune system. This may happen more often in people who have genes that make them more prone to autoimmune disorders.