What is pathophysiology peritonitis?
Overview. Peritonitis is inflammation of the peritoneum — a silk-like membrane that lines your inner abdominal wall and covers the organs within your abdomen — that is usually due to a bacterial or fungal infection.
What are the types of peritonitis?
The two main types of peritonitis are primary spontaneous peritonitis, an infection that develops in the peritoneum; and secondary peritonitis, which usually develops when an injury or infection in the abdominal cavity allows infectious organisms into the peritoneum. Both types of peritonitis are life-threatening.
What is peritoneal disease?
A: Peritoneal disease describes a pattern of metastatic disease where cancer has spread from where it initially started into the lining of the abdominal cavity.
Which bacteria can cause peritonitis?
The gram-negative aerobic bacteria are the major factor in the development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, most notably of which include Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. However, Staphylococcus aureus and other gram-positive bacteria are being considered as emerging agents causing this inflammation.
What is bacterial peritonitis?
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is an infection of fluid that accumulates in the abdomen. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is an infection of abdominal fluid, called ascites, that does not come from an obvious place within the abdomen, such as a hole in the intestines or a collection of pus.
What is the difference between peritoneum and peritoneal?
Between its two layers – parietal and visceral – is the peritoneal cavity. The peritoneum functions to support and protect abdominopelvic organs….Peritoneum and peritoneal cavity.
| Definition | Serous membrane lining viscera and abdominal cavity wall |
|---|---|
| Peritoneal divisions | Lesser sac (omental bursa) Greater sac (supracolic and infracolic compartments) |
What are the four types of peritoneum?
The peritoneum is comprised of 2 layers: the superficial parietal layer and the deep visceral layer. The peritoneal cavity contains the omentum, ligaments, and mesentery. Intraperitoneal organs include the stomach, spleen, liver, first and fourth parts of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, transverse, and sigmoid colon.
How is peritonitis diagnosed?
To diagnose peritonitis, your doctor will do a physical exam to check if your abdomen is tender and if it feels firm or soft. Blood tests and other tests that provide images of the inside of your abdomen may also be used to determine the cause of the problem. These may include a CT scan or ultrasound.
What is the difference between pathology and pathogenesis?
Pathology is that field of science and medicine concerned with the study of diseases, specifically their initial causes (etiologies), their step-wise progressions (pathogenesis), and their effects on normal structure and function.
What type of bacteria causes peritonitis?
Escherichia coli, streptococci (mostly pneumococci), and Klebsiella cause most episodes of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients who are not receiving selective intestinal decontamination (Garcia-Tsao 1992).
What are 2 functions of the peritoneum?
The peritoneum serves to support the organs of the abdomen and acts as a conduit for the passage of nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatics.